Combustion-engine.



G. FORNACA.

COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 11. 1909.

Patented July 4, 1916.

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COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED DEC. I7, I909. 1,1 9 0352. v Patented July 4,1916.

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G.FORNACA.

COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 17, 1909. I 1,190,252. I Patented JuIy 4, 1916.

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COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED 05c. 11, 1909.

Patented July 4, 1916.

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GUIDO FORNACA, OF TURIN, ITALY, ASSIGNOR TO F. I. A. T., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

COMBUSTION-ENGINE.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUIDo FORNACA, a

subject of the King of Italy, residing at Turin, in the Kingdom of Italy, have 1nvented certain new and useful Improvements in Combustion-Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specificonstant temperature.

tained. -Furthermore, it is especially desired that the charge inlet pipe to the 1nlet chambers be Water jacketed, in order that charge may be supplied at a substantially Also it may be desirable to have the exhaust chambers and exhaust conduit water jacketed in order that the exhaust gases may be more quickly cooled and thereby a more noiseless opera-. tion of the engine obtained. .In attaining these objects I propose to form in a single casting, a plurality of cylinders and Water jackets therefor, valve chambers together with inlet and outlet pipes included within the water jacket, all constructed and arranged in such manner that the casting can be easily cored and finished, While at the same time insuring the proper proportioning of all the parts and enabling them to be easily cast.

The invention will be more fully understood in connection with the description ofthe accompanying drawings wherein,

Figure 1 is a plan view, partly in section of an engine embodying the invention. Fig. 2' is a side elevation, partly in section. Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the inlet valve chamber. Fig. 4 is a similar section 7 through the exhaust valve chamber, and

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 4, 1916.

Fig. 5 is a plan view partly insection of a modified form of the invention.

The invention as shown herein is embodied in a four "cylinder engine wherein. 1, 1, 1, 1, represent the bases of the cylinders, to the lower portions of which will be secured the usual crank case, shaft bear- 1ngs and other parts not necessary to be shown herein. Combustion engine cylinders are usually water jacketed at the head and on the sides to about the length of the stroke of the piston, which is the case herein.

2, 2, 2, 2, represent the cylinders proper and are adapted to receive the usual worklng pistons, not shown herein. Surrounding the cylinders 2, is a water jacket casing 3, forming a Water jacket 4, this casing 3 belng made large enough to surround the exterior of the cylinders 2, the inlet chambers 5, and exhaust chambers 6. Each of these inlet and exhaust chambers opens into the compression space 7, of one cylinder through valve seats 8,.and the valves 9, Will be mounted to seat on said valve seats 8, in the usual manner. Each of the compresslon spaces 7, is separated from that of the adjoining cylinder of each pair by a wall 10, located above the wall containing the valve seats 8, it being seen that below the valve seats 8, there must be a wall 11, between the inlet chambers 5, and the exhaust chambers 6, of each cylinder. 12 are valve stem guides for each valve, both inlet and exhaust. By this arrangement of inlet and exhaust gas passages or manifolds closely adjacent the valve chambers, with the valve stem guides between, the width of the motor is diminished and compactness secured. Consequently, lightness in weight in proportion to the power results, and also even temperature throughout the casting.

15 represents the manifold inlet pipe entering on one side of the Water jacket casing 3, and passing between the two middle cylinders, which are spaced apart for this purpose, and then dividing into-two pipes 16, which lead respectively to the opposite pairs of inlet chambers 5 below the valves. Inasmuch as it is desirable that each inlet valve should be approximately the same distance from the carbureter, the inlet chambers of each pair of cylinders are made adjacent each other and thereby, the end cylinders will take the same amount of charge as the middle cylinders.

It will be seen that each inlet pipe 16, opens through a wide port 18, the double inlet chamber 5, below the inlet val e seats 8, and that the inlet pipes l5, l6, and the inlet chambers 5, are all contained within the outer casing 25, and consequently within the water jacket -l.

The exhaust pipe .20, extends below the inlet chambers 5, and the exhaust chambers 6, but communicates only with the exhaust chambers 6 through ports 21, see Fig. 4:, it being observed that the exhaust pipe 20, is also within the water jacket 4, though this exhaust pipe may be placed outside the water jacket without departing from the scope of the invention. It will be understood that the valves will be operated in any suitable manner and properly timed to control the admission and the exhaust of the gases.

As thus far described, the outer casing 3, is integral with the cylinder heads 2:2, and in order to provide a water jacket for the cylinder heads, the casting is provided with a heading 24:, around the top and outside the diameter of the cylinders 2, and also there are provided integral strengthening ribs 25, 26, on the cylinder heads. The heading 24:, being machined 'smooth is covered with a cap 27, covering all of the cylinder heads and resting on lugs 28, about at the center of each cylinder. These lugs 28 may be bored for pet-cocks 29. The spark plugs 30, are inserted in screw plugs 31, screwed into the tops of the casting just outside the cover and preferably over the inlet valves, so as to render the valves accessible. A similar screw plug 32 will be placed over the exhaust valves, so that by removing these screw plugs 31 or 32 the valves can be inserted or removed and the valve seats ground.

The water jacket cover 27, is also provided with Water or outlets 3-1, connected with a pipe not shown, leading to the water cooler, and the water may be admitted to the water jacket at any suitable point, as, for instance, at inlet 36, or there may be a plurality of inlets.

In Fig. 5, is shown a modification, wherein the inlets are all at one side of the casting and the exhausts are on the other side, similar parts being similarly numbered and readily understood without further description.

From the foregoing description the objects and advantages of the invention will be fully understood. By "forming the water jacket cover separately, the coring between the cylinders and the other parts can be more readily done, and also the castings can tegral therewith extending transversely be easily inspected for inequalities, and the cores easily removed. .Vhere the water jacketcover is cast integrally with the cylinder head, defects are very likely to occur but cannot be detected. At the same time, by this invention, the cylinder heads are strengthened by ribs, and the water jackets are readily accessible by removing the cover.

It will be seen that various modifications and changes in the specific construction here descrioed may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

Having tnus described my invention I declare that what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A multiple cylinder casting for an explosion engine comprising at least four cylinders having heads integral therewith, a manifold inlet pipe integral therewith and inclosed within the castim having branches of equal length connected to pairs of said cylinders, an exhaust pipe having a connection with each of said cylinders and extending lengthwise of the casting, and a water jacket integral with said casting and surrounding said cylinders and said manifold inlet pipe.

2. A casting for a multiple cylinder explosion engine comprising at least tour cylinders, a manifold inlet pipe integral there with and ini'aloscd within the casting having branches 0t equal length connw d to pairs of said cylinders, an exhaust pipe connected to each cylinder, and a water 1c ct casing outside said cylinders and int. al. therewith.

A multiple cylinder casting for an plosion engine comprising at least .i or engine cylinders, a manifold inlet pipe inbetween pairs of said cylinders and having branches of equal length leading through inlet valve Cllflll'lbOlS to the cylinders of each pair, an exhaust valve chamber for each cylinder adjacent its inlet valve chamher, an exhaust pipe having a connection with each of said exhaust valve chambers, and a water jacket integral with said casting and surrounding said cylinders and said manifold inlet pipe.

4. A casting for a multiple cylinder explosion engine comprising a, plurality of pairs of cylinders having integral heads, an inlet and an exhaust chamber for each cylinder, an exhaust pipe connected to the exhaust chambers, an inlet pipe passing be tween pairs of said cylinders and branclr ing to said inlet chambers, and a' water jacket inclosing said cylinders and said inlet pipe.

5. A casting for a multiple cylinder explosion engine comprising at least four cylinders, an inlet for each cylinder, a 1nanifold inlet pipe integral with the cylinders opening from one side of the casting and connected to the several inlets by passages of approximately equal length, and a cool? ifngdjacket outside said cylinders and mani- (3. A casting for a multiple cylinder engine comprising a plurality of pairs of cylinders, an inlet and an exhaust chamber for each cylinder, a transverse inlet pipe passing between pairs of said cylinders and branching to said inlet chambers, said branches being of equal length, and means for cooling said casting.

7. A multiple cylinder casting for an explosion engine comprising a plurality of pairs of cylinders having integral heads, an inlet valve chamber disposed on one side between each of said pairs of cylinders and having integral cast walls provided with openings into the cylinders of each pair, a passage connecting said \valve chambers having walls integral with said casting, an external passage opening into said connecting passage at an intermediate point, an exhaust passage having a connection with each cylinder, and a water jacket surrounding said cylinders, and said inlet passages.

Q A casting for a multiple cylinder explosion engine comprising at least four cylinders, a common inlet for each pair of cylinders, a manifold inlet pipe integral with the cylinders opening from one side of the casting between intermediate cylinders and connected to the inlets of each pair by passages of approximately equal length, and a cooling jacket outside said cylinders and manifold.

9. A casting for a multiple cylinder engine comprising at least four closed end cylinders, certain of which having common dividing walls, inlet and exhaust chambers opening into the respective cylinders, a water jacket casing surrounding said cylinders and chambers, and inlet and exhaust pipes connected to the respective chambers and included within said water jacket.

10. A multiple cylinder casting for an explosion engine comprising a plurality of pairs of cylinders having integral heads, an inlet valve chamber disposed on one side between each of said pairs of cylinders and having integral cast walls provided with openings into the cylinders of each pair, a passage connecting said valve chambers having walls integral with said casting, an external passage opening into said connecting passage at an intermediate point, an exhaust passage each cylinder, and a water jacket surrounding said cylinders, and said inlet and exhaust passages.

11. A multiple cylinder casting for an explosion engine comprising a plurality of pairs of cylinders, an inlet valve chamber for each of said pairs of cylinders and havhaving connections with' ing integral cast walls provided with openings into the cylinders of each pair, an exhaust valve chamber for each cylinder in alinement with said inlet valve chambers, a passage adjacent the cylinder walls connecting said inlet valve chambers, said exhaust passage having walls integral with said casting, an external passage opening into said connecting passage at an intermediate point, and an exhaust passage below said exhaust valve chambers, said exhaust passage being connected to said exhaust valve chambers.

12'. A multiple cylinder casting for an explosion engine comprising a plurality of pairs of cylinders, an inlet valve chamber for each of said pairs of cylinders and having integral cast walls provided with openings into the cylinders of each pair, an exhaust valve chamber for each cylinder in alinement with said inlet valve chambers,a passage adjacent the cylinder walls connecting said inlet valve chambers, said exhaust passage having walls integral with said said respective chambers, a water inlet through the side water jacket, and a discharge outlet through said cover, said inlet pipes being manifolded within the outer surface of the casting, and having a common inlet at an intermediate portion of said cast- 14. A casting fora multiple cylinder engine comprising a plurality of cylinder groups, each group comprising a plurality of cylinders closed at one end, a transverse manifold inlet pipe, a portion of said manifold being disposed between adjacent groups, and a water jacket surrounding said cylinders and said manifold.

15. A casting for a multiple cylinder engine comprising a plurality of groups of cylinders, the cylinders of each group being in contact with one another, and amanifold inlet pipe-having branches leading to each of said cylinders, a portion of said manifold pipe extending transversely of the casting between adjacent groups of cylinders. 16. A casting for a multiple cylinder engine comprising at least four cyl1nders, an

integral exhaust outlet chamber adjacent each cylinder, a longitudinally extending exhaust manifold integral with said cylinders and chambers and connected thereto, and a'water jacket outside said cylinders and exhaust manifold and integral therewith.

'17. In a multiple cylinder casting, integral cylinders and heads, a water jacket inclosing said cylinders, an inlet and an exhaust valve chamber for each cylinder on one side of said casting Within said water jacket, inlet and exhaust manifolds within said water jacket and adjacent said valve chambers, and valve stem guides formed in said casting adjacent said inlet and exhaust manifolds.

18. In a multiple cylinder casting, integral cylinders and heads, a Water acket inclosing said cylinders, an inlet and an exhaust valve chamber for each cylinder on one side of said casting within said Water jacket, inlet and exhaust manifolds within said water jacket and adjacent said valve chambers, the exhaust passage being below the respective exhaust chambers, and valve stem guides formed in said casting adjacent said inlet and exhaust manifolds.

19. A casting for a multiple cylinder explosion engine comprising at least four cylinders, an inlet for each cylinder, a manifold inlet pipe integral with the cylinders opening from one side of the casting and connected to the several inlets by passages of approximately equal length, a water jacket outside said cylinders and manifold having a water inlet adjacent one end, and a removable cover having a water outlet.

20. A casting for a multiple cylinder explosion engine comprising a plurality of groups of cylinders, a common inlet for each group, a manifold inlet pipe integral with the cylinders opening from one side of the casting between adjacent groups of said cylinders and connected by oppositely extending branches to each inlet, an exhaust outlet for each cylinder integral therewith, a longitudinally extending integral exhaust manifold connected to said outlets, and an integral water jacket outside said cylinders and said manifolds.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

PIERO FRANOTI, PRATI ALAS. 

